The Relationship between Types of Delivery and Methods of Anesthesia with Occurrence of Jaundice in Term Neonates

Background Because of severe adverse effects of hyperbilirubinemia on newborns central nervous system diagnosis of its risk factors before delivery can prevent these effects.  This study aimed to determine the relationship between types of delivery with jaundice during the first week of life in Term neonates. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, all term neonates born in Amiralmoemenin Hospital, Semnan, Iran, in 2016 were included into the study. Required data were collected including age, weight, type of delivery, gender, incidence of non-pathological jaundice and type of anesthesia in cesarean delivery using data recorded in the labor ward, hospital archives, and medical records of infants and recorded in a researcher made questionnaire. Results: Mean age of neonates was 40 ± 2 weeks and their mean weight was 3100 ± 200 grams. Among them, 48.8% of neonates with normal delivery and 49.1% of neonates with cesarean delivery were girls. Both groups did not have a significant difference in term of age, weight and gender (P > 0.05). In girls, there was no significant difference between type of delivery and hospitalization due to icterus (P=0.56). As the same in boys there was no significant difference between type of delivery and hospitalization due to icterus (P=0.059). Also, there was no difference in all neonates regardless of their sexuality, between type of delivery and hospitalization due to icterus (P=0.078). In cesarean delivery there was no significant difference in icterus severity between general and epidural anesthesia (P= 0.21). Conclusion The results indicate that cesarean delivery was not a risk factor for hospitalization due to icterus during first week after delivery. Further studies are recommended to confirm our results.